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Combining Campbell Standards and the Realist Evaluation Approach

The Best of Two Worlds?

Research and Documentation Centre (WODC), Ministry of Justice, Netherlands, l.m.van.der.knaap{at}minjus.nl

Frans L. Leeuw

Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands

Stefan Bogaerts

University of Tilburg, Tilburg, Netherlands

Laura T. J. Nijssen

Formerly Research and Documentation Centre (WODC), Ministry of Justice, Netherlands

This article presents an approach to systematic reviews that combines the Campbell Collaboration Crime and Justice standards and the realist notion of contexts-mechanisms-outcomes (CMO) configurations. Both approaches have their advantages and drawbacks, and the authors will make a case for combining both approaches to profit from their advantages without having to deal with their separate weaknesses. They proceed to discuss how their approach should be put into practice and illustrate its use by giving a concise description of an example from their own work on the effects of prevention of violence. The authors conclude with a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of their suggested approach and state that combining Campbell standards and the realist evaluation approach should be done more often.

Key Words: Campbell Collaboration standards • criminology • mechanisms • realist evaluation • systematic reviews

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